Olympic games топик по английскому. Топик Olympic Games. Перевод текста: Olympic Games - Олимпийские игры
| 2014 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games Events | [ tuː ˈθaʊzn̩d ˌfɔːˈtiːn əˈlɪmpɪk ənd ˌperəˈlɪmpɪk ˈwɪntə ɡeɪmz ɪˈvents ] | |
| Olympic Winter Games of 2014 in Sochi | [ əˈlɪmpɪk ˈwɪntə ɡeɪmz əv tuː ˈθaʊzn̩d ˌfɔːˈtiːn ɪn ˈsotʃi ] | Олимпийские зимние игры 2014 года в Сочи |
| winter olympic sports | [ ˈwɪntər əˈlɪmpɪk spɔːts ] | |
| alpine skiing | [ ˈælpaɪn ˈskiːɪŋ ] | горные лыжи / горнолыжный спорт |
| biathlon | [ baɪ"æθlən ] | биатлон |
| bobsleigh (BrE) / bobsled (AmE) | [ ˈbɒbsleɪ ] [ ˈbɒbsled ] | бобслей |
| cross-country skiing | [ krɒs ˈkʌntri ˈskiːɪŋ ] | лыжные гонки |
| curling | [ ˈkɜːlɪŋ ] | кёрлинг |
| figure skating | [ ˈfɪɡə [ ˈskeɪtɪŋ ] | фигурное катание (на коньках) |
| freestyle (skiing) | [ ˈfriːstaɪl ] [ ˈskiːɪŋ ] | (лыжный) фристайл |
| ice hockey | [ aɪs ˈhɒki ] | |
| luge | [ luːʒ ] | санный спорт |
| nordic combined | [ ˈnɔːdɪk kəmˈbaɪnd ] | лыжное двоеборье |
| short track (speed skating) | [ ʃɔːt træk ] [ spiːd ˈskeɪtɪŋ ] | шорт-трек |
| skeleton | [ ˈskelɪtn̩ ] | скелетон |
| ski jumping | [ skiː ˈdʒʌmpɪŋ ] | прыжки на лыжах с трамплина |
| snowboarding | [ "snəubɔːdɪŋ ] | сноубординг |
| (long track) speed skating | [ ˈlɒŋ træk ] [ spiːd ˈskeɪtɪŋ ] | скоростной бег на коньках (конькобежный спорт) |
| Olympic vocabulary | [ əˈlɪmpɪk vəˈkæbjʊləri ] | |
| amateur | [ ˈæmətə ] | любитель |
| anthem | [ ˈænθəm ] | гимн |
| banned | [ bænd ] | запрещенный |
| broadcaster | [ ˈbrɔːdkɑːstə ] | ведущий / комментатор |
| compete | [ kəmˈpiːt ] | соревноваться |
| contestant | [ kənˈtestənt ] | участник соревнований |
| controversy | [ ˈkɒntrəvɜːsi ] | разногласие |
| doping | [ ˈdəʊpɪŋ ] | допинг |
| facilities | [ fəˈsɪlɪtɪz ] | (cпортивные) сооружения |
| fanfare | [ ˈfænfeə ] | фанфары |
| host | [ həʊst ] | страна-хозяйка олимпиады |
| humanity | [ hjuːˈmænɪti ] | человечество |
| mascot | [ ˈmæskət ] | талисман |
| medal | [ ˈmedl̩ ] | медаль |
| motto | [ ˈmɒtəʊ ] | девиз |
| nationality | [ ˌnæʃəˈnælɪti ] | гражданство |
| oath | [ əʊθ ] | клятва |
| participant | [ pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt ] | участник |
| partisanship | [ ˌpɑːtɪˈzænʃɪp ] | несправедливое судейство (обычно по политическим причинам) |
| postpone | [ ˌpəust"pəun] | перенести (начало соревнований) |
| preliminaries | [ prɪˈlɪmɪnərɪz ] | предварительные соревнования |
| purity | [ ˈpjʊərɪti ] | чистота |
| qualify | [ ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ ] | пройти квалификацию на соответствие минимальным требованиям |
| representative | [ ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv ] | представитель |
| security | [ sɪˈkjʊərɪti ] | охранник |
| spectator | [ spekˈteɪtə ] | зритель |
| sponsor | [ ˈspɒnsə ] | спонсор |
| spokesman | [ ˈspəʊksmən ] | человек (часто - спортсмен), представляющий компанию на рынке или в сми |
| sportsmanship | [ ˈspɔːtsmənʃɪp ] | спортивный дух честности и справедливости |
| stamina | [ ˈstæmɪnə ] | выносливость |
| standings | [ ˈstændɪŋz ] | положение в турнирной таблице |
| substitute | [ ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt ] | запасной игрок, выходящий на замену |
| swifter | [ ˈswɪftə ] | быстрее |
| symbol | [ ˈsɪmbl̩ ] | символ |
| torch | [ tɔːtʃ ] | факел |
| venue | [ ˈvenjuː ] | место проведения игр, (спортивная площадка и т. п.) |
| victory | [ ˈvɪktəri ] | победа |
Summer Olympic Games (Text)
By Kenneth Beare
The Summer Olympic Games will be held in London, England beginning July 17, 2012. Competitors from around the world will compete for the gold, silver or bronze medals. For some athletes, winning is not a real possibility. However, they will strive to set personal and / or national bests in their events. Of course, many world records will also be broken during these games. The intensely competitive nature of the games, the strong national pride involved and the challenge in facing the best athletes from around the world combine to demand the top performances from each individual.
In a world where soccer (football), basketball, golf and tennis dominate television broadcasts, the Summer Olympic Games provide a chance to observe sports not usually covered. When was the last time you watched water polo, or fencing? Chances are you watched them during the 2004 Summer Olympic Games in Greece. In this age when many people are fortunate enough to have cable TV connections, spectators can watch a wide variety of athletic competitions.
Athletics and wrestling are probably the oldest sports in the Olympic Games. The tradition of these sports goes back to the original games held in ancient Greece over 2500 years ago. Some of my favorite events include the javelin throw, the high jump and the pole vault, as well as the hurdles. There will also be a wide variety of water sports that include canoeing, sailing and diving. Naturally, swimming is probably the most popular water sport with a wide variety of competitive events including backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly, freestyle and more.
The summer games also include a number of events that have recently been introduced to the games. Kayaking and mountain biking, baseball and beach volleyball are just a few. I certainly haven"t mentioned all the sports - who would want to miss gymnastics - but you get the idea. Turn on your TV, relax and enjoy a moment of peace and togetherness in this struggling world of ours. The Summer Olympic Games provides an example that we all should follow: competition with respect.
The Olympic Games is the greatest international sport event in the world, in which thousands of athletes compete in different types of sports. The Olympic idea means friendship, fraternity and cooperation among the people of the world.
The original Olympic Games began in ancient Greece in 776 B.C. These games were part of a festival held every fourth year in honour of God Zeus in the town called Olympia. It was a great athletic festival, including competitions in wrestling, foot racing and chariot racing, rowing and others.
The Olympic Games were very important for ancient world. In the period of Games all wars were stopped. The Games were accompanied by atrs festivals. Poets recited their poems, singers sang hymns - all this in honour of God Zeus and the sacred Games.
All athletes competed naked. The modern word “gymnastics” originates from the Greek word “gymos” that means “naked”.
Only men could take part in the Olympic Games. Greek women were forbidden not only to participate but also to watch the Games. But there existed Games for women named Gerai (called after goddess Gera).
The Olympic Games took place from the 8th century BC till the 4th century AD. In 394 AD the Roman Emperor Theodosius banned the Olympic Games because he decided that these competitions are, in essence, pagan festival.
In the late 19th century, Baron Pierre de Coubertin decided to revive the Olympic Games. For this purpose, he founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1894, and two years later, in 1896 the modern summer Olympic Games were established in Athens.
The Games are currently held every two years, with Summer and Winter Olympic Games alternating. The evolution of the Olympic Movement during the 20th century forced the IOC to adapt the Games to the world’s changing social circumstances. Some of these adjustments included the creation of the Winter Games for ice and snow sports, the Paralympic Games for athletes with physical disabilities, and the Youth Olympic Games for teenage athletes.
The Olympic motto is “Citius, Altius, Fortius”, which is Latin for “Swifter, Higher, Stronger”. The motto was proposed by Pierre de Coubertin and was introduced in 1924 at the Olympic Games in Paris.
A more informal but well known motto, also introduced by De Coubertin, is “The most important thing is not to win but to take part!”
The symbol of the Olympic Games is composed of five interlocking rings, colored blue, yellow, black, green, and red on a white field. This was originally designed in 1912 by Baron Pierre de Coubertin. These five rings represent the five continents of the world: America, Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia.
The nearest Winter Olympic Games are to be held in Vancouver, Canada, in February 2010. Next Olympic Games will be held in London 2012 and Sochi 2014.
Олимпийские игры
Олимпийские игры - это величайшее международное спортивное событие в мире, в котором спортсмены соревнуются в различных видах спорта. Идея Олимпийских игр - это дружба, братство и сотрудничество между людьми во всем мире.
Первые Олимпийские игры состоялись в Греции в 776 г. до н.э. Эти игры были частью фестиваля, который проводился каждые четыре года в честь бога Зевса в греческом городе Олимпия. Это был большой спортивный праздник, который включал соревнования по следующим видам: борьба, бег, гонки на колесницах, метание диска и копья и т.д.
Олимпийские игры играли очень важную роль в древнем мире. Во время проведения Игр прекращались все войны. Игры сопровождались фестивалем искусств. Поэты читали стихи, певцы пели гимны - и все в честь бога Зевса и священных Игр.
Все атлеты соревновались обнаженными. Современное слово «гимнастика» происходит от греческого слова «гимос», что значит «обнаженный».
В Олимпийских играх могли участвовать только мужчины. Греческим женщинам было запрещено не только участвовать, но даже смотреть Игры. Но существовали Игры для женщин под названием Гераи (названные так в честь богини Геры).
Олимпийские игры проходили от 8 века до н.э. до 4 века н.э. В 394 г. н.э. римский император Феодосий запретил Олимпийские игры, потому что решил, что, по сути, это - языческое празднество.
В конце 19 века барон Пьер де Кубертен решил возродить Олимпийские игры. Для этой цели он основал Международный Олимпийский Комитет (МОК) в 1894 году, и через два года в 1896 году современные летние Олимпийские игры прошли в Афинах.
В настоящее время Игры проходят каждые два года, причем Летние и Зимние Олимпийские игры чередуются. В 20 веке МОК изменил Игры в соответствии с социальной ситуацией в мире. Эти изменения включали учреждение Зимних Игр, Паралимпийских Игр для спортсменов с ограниченными возможностями и Молодежные Олимпийские игры для подростков.
Олимпийский девиз: “Citius, Altius, Fortius”, что в переводе с латыни означает «Быстрее, выше, сильнее». Этот девиз был предложен Пьером де Кубертеном и был представлен в 1924 году на Олимпийских Играх в Париже.
Менее официальный, но широко известный девиз, также предложенный Кубертеном, гласит: «Главное - не победа, а участие!»
Символ Олимпийских Игр - пять переплетенных колец голубого, желтого, черного, зеленого и красного цвета на белом поле. Этот символ был разработан Пьером де Кубертеном в 1912 году. Пять колец символизируют пять континентов мира: Америку, Европу, Азию, Африку и Австралию.
Ближайшие Олимпийские Игры состоятся в Ванкувере (Канада) в феврале 2010 года. А следующие Олимпийские Игры пройдут в Лондоне в 2012 году и в Сочи в 2014 году.
Олімпійські ігри
Олімпійські ігри - це найбільша міжнародна спортивна подія в світі, в якій спортсмени змагаються в різних видах спорту. Ідея Олімпійських ігор - це дружба, братерство і співпраця між людьми у всьому світі.
Перші Олімпійські ігри відбулися в Греції в 776 р. до н.е. Ці ігри були частиною фестивалю, який проводився кожні чотири роки на честь бога Зевса в грецькому місті Олімпія. Це було велике спортивне свято, яке включало змагання в наступних видах: боротьба, біг, перегони на колісницях, кидання диску та списа тощо.
Олімпійські ігри відігравали дуже важливу роль в стародавньому світі. Під час проведення Ігор припинялися всі війни. Ігри супроводжувалися фестивалем мистецтв. Поети читали вірші, співаки співали гімни - і все на честь бога Зевса і священних Ігор.
Всі атлети змагалися голими. Сучасне слово «гімнастика» походить від грецького слова «гимос», що означає «голий».
В Олімпійських іграх могли брати участь лише чоловіки. Грецьким жінкам було заборонено не лише брати участь, але навіть дивитися Ігри. Але існували Ігри для жінок під назвою Гераї (названі так на честь богині Гери).
Олімпійські ігри проходілі від 8 століття до н.е. до 4 століття н.е. У 394 р. н.е. римський імператор Феодосій заборонив Олімпійські ігри, тому що вирішив, що, по суті, це - язичницьке свято.
Наприкінці 19 століття барон П’єр де Кубертен вирішив відродити Олімпійські ігри. З цією метою він заснував Міжнародний Олімпійський Комітет (МОК) в 1894 році, і через два роки в 1896 році сучасні літні Олімпійські ігри відбулися в Афінах.
Нині Ігри проходят кожні два роки, причому Літні і Зимові Олімпійські ігри чергуються. У 20 столітті МОК змінив Ігри відповідно до соціальної ситуації в світі. Ці зміни включали затвердження Зимових Ігор, Паралімпійських Ігор для спортсменів з обмеженими можливостями і Молодіжні Олімпійські ігри для підлітків.
Олімпійський девіз: “Citius, Altius, Fortius”, що в перекладі з латині означає «Швидше, вище, сильніше». Цей девіз був запропонований П’єром де Кубертеном і був представлений в 1924 році на Олімпійських Іграх в Парижі.
Менш офіційний, але широко відомий девіз, також запропонований Кубертеном, свідчить: “Головне - не перемога, а участь!”
Символ Олімпійських Ігор - п’ять переплетених кілець блакитного, жовтого, чорного, зеленого і червоного кольору на білому тлі. Цей символ був розроблений П’єром де Кубертеном в 1912 році. П’ять кілець символізують п’ять континентів світу: Америку, Європу, Азію, Африку і Австралію.
Найближчі Олімпійські Ігри відбудуться у Ванкувері (Канада) в лютому 2010 року. А наступні Олімпійські Ігри пройдут в Лондоні в 2012 році і в Сочі в 2014 році.
The Olympic Games are an international sports competition which are held every four years in a different city. Thousands of athletes from all over the world compete against each other in individual and team sports. Over 1 billion people watch the games on TV.
The first Olympic Games were held in Greece in 776 B.C. They were called the ancient games and lasted until the 4th century A.D. The modern games began in 1896, when the Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin revived the games to bring peace and friendship to the young people all over the world.
Today, there are summer and winter games. Up to 1994 both games were held in the same year, but now they are staged two years apart from each other.
Ceremonies and symbols
The Olympic Games begin with the opening ceremony. Athletes from all the participating nations march into the stadium. Greece comes in first, because it was the first nation to hold the Olympics and the host nation comes in last.
The Olympic flag is raised and a chosen athlete lights the Olympic flame. It is a symbol of spirit, knowledge and life. The fire comes from Olympia, a small town in Greece and many runners transport the flame in a torch relay to the site of the games. It burns from the opening ceremony until the end of the games.
The Olympic rings were created in 1913 and represent the five continents (Africa, Asia, Europe, Australia and the Americas).
All athletes must take the Olympic oath. One of them has to promise that all athletes will give their best and compete in a fair way.
After each event, medals are given to the first three athletes. They receive gold, silver and bronze medals. Their flags are raised and the national anthem of the winner"s country is played.
The International Olympic Committee
The IOC is the organisation that governs the games. It decides which sports and events are held at the games. The IOC also selects the host city for the summer and winter games, at least seven years before they take place. Cities that want the games must show that
They have enough stadiums for all events
they have enough room for all the athletes
they can provide safety for the athletes
they can transport athletes and spectators from one event to another
Host cities must build an Olympic village where all athletes live during the games.
How can athletes take part?
Normally, each country decides for itself which sportsmen and –women are allowed to take part. Athletes must qualify for the games by winning or doing well in competitions before the Olympic Games start.
Athletes, who are sent to the games by their country must be a citizen of that country. For years, only amateurs were able to participate in the games, but today, most athletes are professionals, who earn their money through sport.
Most governments give their team money so that it can take part in the games.
The ancient Games
The ancient Olympic Games were celebrated at Olympia, Greece every four years. They were held in honour of the god Zeus. In the early games, only Greek men were allowed to participate. The games consisted of sports like footraces, wrestling, boxing, the pentathlon and horse racing. The last event of the games was usually a chariot race.
When the Romans conquered Greece in 140 B.C. the games started to lose their religious meaning and in 393 the Roman emperor banned the event.
The Summer Games
The Summer Games are held during the summer season of the host country. They last for 16 days. Today, there are more than 270 events during the games. Over 15,000 athletes from 190 nations take part.
The next Summer Games will be held in London (2012).
The Winter Games
The first separate Winter Games were held in Chamonix, France in 1924. They usually take place in February. Today, the Winter Olympics include over 60 events. Athletes from more than 60 countries participate.
Politics and the Olympic Games
In the past, the Olympic Games have been disturbed by political issues. In 1936 the IOC chose Berlin as the site for the 1936 Summer Games. A few years later, Adolf Hitler"s Nazi Party rose to power and Hitler used the games to show Germany"s power.
In 1968 two Black American runners protested against their government and raised their fists when the American national anthem was played.
In 1980 the USA-and many other countries-didn"t send athletes to the games in Moscow because the Soviet Union had invaded Afghanistan a year before. In return, the Russians and other Communist countries refused to take part in the 1984 games in Los Angeles.
The worst day in Olympic history came on September 5th, 1972 during the Munich games. Eight Palestinian terrorists broke into the Olympic village and killed two Israeli athletes. 9 others were taken hostage. They wanted the Israeli government to set free over 400 Arab prisoners in Israel. During a battle with German policemen all hostages and the terrorists were killed.
Olympia today
The Olympic Games have become very successful over the past years. More and more people are able to watch them on TV and television stations are spending more money for the rights to broadcast the games. The IOC earns more money than ever before. With this money they help athletes in poorer countries.
Drugs have become a big problem. Some athletes take drugs before and during the games in order to help their muscles grow. When they are caught they are disqualified and their medals are taken away from them.
The Olympic Games are one of the most spectacular reminders of the debt we owe to the Greeks.
The original Olympic Games were held every four years in honour of Zeus, the supreme god of Greek religion. The first record of the games dates from 776 B.C., but it is certain that they existed prior to that. They were held continuously for over 1.000 years until they were abolished in the reign of King Theodosius about 392 A.D. The Olympic festival was a great unifying bond between the Independent city-states of Greece.
The important sports in the original Olympic Games were running, jumping, wrestling, throwing the discus and throwing the javelin. Only men competed and they wore no clothes in order to have greater freedom of movement. Each competitor had to take the Olympic Oath - a promise to behave in a sportsman-like fashion.
The modern Olympic era began in 1894 when Frenchman Baron Pierre de Coubertin decided to revive the ancient Greek tradition of celebrating health, youth and peace with a sports festival. Baron de Coubertin created the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the first modem Olympiad took place in Athens in 1896. Since then the Olympic Games have been held every four years with only two exceptions because of the two world wars.
Even though the modern Olympic Games embrace the whole world, the connection with Greece is still very strong. A lighted torch is brought all the way from Greece, carried by a relay of runners, in order to light the Olympic Flame which bums all through the Games. As in ancient Greek times, the competitors still take the Olympic Oath. The long-distance race is still called the Marathon. Marathon was a village about 26 miles from Athens. In the year 490 BC the Greeks defeated a powerful Persian army at that spot. After the fierce day"s fighting a soldier volunteered to bring news of the victory to the anxious citizens of Athens. He ran all the way and after gasping out the message. "Rejoice, we conquer!" he collapsed and died.
One important rule of the Olympic Games is that the competitors must be amateurs. This rule has been under a lot of pressure in recent years because modem sport is so professional and competitive. Athletes train for years to take part in the Olympics and some countries spend much more than others on equipment and facilities. But despite these pressures, the amateur rule remains.
In modern times the Olympic movement has become an enormous and expensive organisation, It"s controlled by the International Olympic Committee, which consists of members from all the participating countries. The IOC is based in Lausanne, Switzerland. It chooses the locations of both summer and winter games (both take place once very four years, with winter games half a year before summer Olympiads). It also controls the rules of the competitions and selects new Olympic sports. The famous flag of the IOC shows five rings of different colours linked together. The rings represent the five continents.
The Olympic Games are known to us since the days of ancient Greece, whence came the expression - "in a healthy body - a healthy mind". The Greeks paid special attention to sports and loaded themselves with physical exertion in order to always be in good physical shape in case of military actions. Sports competitions, gladiator fights, chariot competitions began to take place in the Mount Olympus. Each participant demonstrated his dexterity, courage, strength, speed.
Later, with the advent of the Romans on the territory of Greece, the Olympic Games began to be held less and less, and at the beginning of the eighth century, the authorities declared them a pagan rite and banned.
In 1894, the International Congress of Sports decided new rules for the games and, in 1896, the Olympic Games began to be held again every four years. Later the International Olympic Committee was created which selected the city for each regular game. The goal of the Olympic Games was to give every athlete the opportunity to play for his country in fair competition.
The most famous symbol of the Olympic Games is the image of five interconnected rings. Rings represent the union of five continents.
In 1928, Amsterdam first lit the Olympic flame, as a symbol of the will to win. Since then, the fire is lit before the start of each game, and it burns to the very end.
Олимпийские игры известны нам ещё со времён Древней Греции, откуда пришло выражение - "в здоровом теле - здоровый дух". Греки уделяли особое внимание спорту и нагружали себя физическими нагрузками, чтобы на случай военных действий всегда быть в хорошей физической форме. На горе Олимп начали устраиваться спортивные состязания, бои гладиаторов, соревнования на колесницах. Каждый участник демонстрировал свою ловкость, смелость, силу, скорость.
Позже, с появлением римлян на территории Греции, Олимпийские игры стали проводиться все реже и реже, и в начале восьмого века власти объявили их языческим обрядом и запретили.
В 1894 году году Международный спортивный конгресс постановил новые правила проведения игр и с 1896 году Олимпийские игры начали проводиться вновь через каждые четыре года. Позже был создан Международный олимпийский комитет, который выбирал город для проведения каждых очередных игр. Целью Олимпийских игр являлось дать возможность каждому спортсмену выступить за свою страну в честных состязаниях.
Самым известным символом Олимпийских игр является изображение пяти колец соединённых между собой. Кольца представляют объединение пяти континентов.
В 1928 году в Амстердаме впервые зажегся Олимпийский огонь, как символ воли к победе. С тех пор огонь зажигают перед началом каждых игр, и он горит до самого их завершения.
